Hex Head screws fully threaded ISO 4017-brass M12x70 mm

The wrench sizes for hexagon bolts and nuts are specified in ISO 272: 1982-01. The nominal wrench size on the workpiece (e.g. bolt, nut) is the same as that on the tool. However, there is some play between the two to allow the tool to be fitted without difficulty. The relationship between the nominal diameter d of the thread and the wrench size s is standardised in EN ISO 4014 and EN ISO 4017 for hexagon bolts, and in EN ISO 4032 for hexagon nuts (dimensions in mm).

Brass is a copper-zinc alloy containing at least 50 per cent copper by mass and up to 45 per cent zinc. Other metals are added to impart specific properties to wrought and cast alloys. Brass is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, easily formed both hot and cold, and can be polished. Wrought alloys are used in deep-drawn parts, screws, springs, tubes and instrument components, whilst cast alloys are used in valve bodies, plain bearings and precision engineering components.

The term plain indicates a completely untreated, merely oiled, smooth surface for all DIN and ISO screws such as wood screws, hexagon head screws, threaded rods, nuts and many types of washers.