Flat discs, normal row ISO 7089-steel 300 HV tempered black 8,4

The combination of strength classes for flat washers with those for bolts and nuts is governed by ISO 898-3:2018, Table 1. Washers with a hardness of 300 HV are suitable for applications with heat-treated bolts and nuts (bolts up to 10.9, nuts up to Class 10). Applications involving bolts of strength class 12.9 and nuts of class 12 must be checked during installation.

Steel is an iron-carbon alloy with a maximum carbon content of 2% by mass. The steels achieve their intended physical and mechanical properties through various hardening, annealing and tempering processes. It is also possible to harden the edge zone by surface hardening, case hardening or nitriding. Well-known steel grades are structural steels, free-machining steels, case-hardening steels, nitriding steels, tempering steels, tool steels and stainless steels.

The tempering process of screws and nuts (heating - holding - quenching - tempering) results in a thin baked oxide layer, which is referred to as tempered black. This surface condition is not a surface coating and therefore offers no corrosion protection.